French naturalization is undergoing a major reform in 2026. A higher required language level and a mandatory civic exam: applicants for French nationality now face stricter requirements. Here’s what concretely changes and how to prepare your case well.

What changes on the 1^st January 2026

Decree no. 2025-648 of 15 July 2025 raised the requirements for French nationality applications. These new rules apply to all cases filed from the 1^st January 2026, as well as to cases filed before that date that were incomplete and completed afterwards.

The French level rises from B1 to B2

Previously set at B1, the French level required for naturalization is now level B2 of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). B2 corresponds to advanced mastery: understanding complex texts and expressing oneself clearly, in a structured and spontaneous way.

This level must be proven by a diploma, an official certification or a recognized test such as the TCF (Test de connaissance du français) or the TEF (Test d’évaluation de français).

A new mandatory civic exam

The decree also introduces a civic exam designed to check knowledge of French history, culture and society. It takes the form of a multiple-choice test of 40 questions split into 5 themes, taken at an approved center. You must score at least 80% correct answers (32 out of 40) to pass.

This civic exam is now required not only for naturalization, but also for the issuance of a first multi-year residence permit and a resident card.

The other conditions for naturalization

Beyond language and civics, naturalization by decree notably requires:

• a stable, legal residence in France (usually five years, with cases for reduction: studies, particular situations);
• the center of one’s material and family interests in France;
• a professional integration and stable resources;
• a compliant tax situation (taxes declared and paid);
• a good character compatible with acquiring nationality (absence of certain convictions).

How to prepare your case well

Naturalization is a long and demanding procedure: an incomplete or poorly organized case can delay, or even jeopardize, the application. Anticipating the language certification and the civic exam, gathering consistent supporting documents and checking that the case is complete are essential.

Legalist supports you in the preparation and administrative organization of your naturalization application.

This article is provided for general information and does not constitute legal advice. Legalist provides administrative support.

Frequently asked questions

What level of French is required for naturalization in 2026?

Since 2026, you must prove a B2 level (instead of B1), evidenced by a diploma or a recognized test (TCF, TEF), in addition to passing the civic exam.

How many years of residence are needed to be naturalized?

In principle 5 years of regular and stable residence in France, reduced to 2 years in certain cases (for example after two years of higher education in France).

Is the civic exam mandatory?

Yes, since 2026: a 40-question multiple-choice test with at least 80% correct answers, in addition to the assimilation interview at the prefecture.

How long does a naturalization application take?

The procedure is long, often 12 to 24 months depending on the prefecture. A complete and consistent file from the start avoids delays.